Mechanical hammer



Jan. 24, 1928.

R. GOLDSCHMIDT MECHANICAL HAMMER Filed June 17 1925 INVENTOH Rude If Gale/50b m 1d A TTORNE V Patented Jan. 24, 1928.

UNITED STATES RUDOLF GOLDSCHMIDT, OF GHARLOTTENIBURG, GERMANY.

MECHANICAL HAMMER.

Application filed June 17, 1925. Serial No. 37,859.

My invention relates to mechanical hammers and more particularly to the type shown and described in my United States Letters Patent No. 1,490,006, issued April 8, 1924. In the patent there is described a method whereby the impact of a reciprocating hammer or tup element working in a closed casing is transmitted to a tool through a wall of the casing. Thus the moving parts of the hammer may operate in a bath of oil, without the necessity for stuifing boxes, etc., to prevent oil leakage and the entrance of dust.

The patent shows the casing closed by means of a diaphragm having a plug fixed in its center through which the blow is transmitted from the hammer to the tool located outside of the diaphragm. \Vhcn the tool is removed and the tup continues to deliver blows to the plug, the diaphragm may be damaged.

The principal object of my present invention is to so constructand arrange the parts of a motor driven hammer to prevent damage either to the diaphragm or to the casing, or to the moving parts in the event the hammer is set into operation without being in engagement with a tool or other work.

@no arrangement for relieving the diaphragm and protecting the casing is shown erein and consists in shaping the plug lo cated in the diaphragm and arranging the casing to support a special cushion so that the blow will be transmitted from the diahragm to the cushion to the casing otthe hammer withoutdanger of fracture.

Another object of my invention is to give the diaphragm such a form that itallows for a longer travel, while the blow is being delivered, the diaphragm having a corrugated and not a fiat form.

In order that my invention be more clearly understood, reference is made to the attached drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in vertical section, of a hammer using one embodiment of my invention, and 4 Figs. 2' and 3 are fragmentary sectional views of modified forms of diaphragms.

' Referring to Fig. 1, the tup '19 is caused to reciprocate by the centrifugal action of the revolving weights 19f that are driven from the motor M throu h gearing not shown, all as more fully escribed 1n the aforementioned patent and also in my United States Letters Patent No. 1,886,329, issued August 2, 1921. The rcciprocatory tup delivers blows to the tool 20 through the medium of'the plug that is fixed at the center of the diaphragm or end wall 16 by means of threaded members 15*, or other arrangement. The diaphragm is fixed on its outer circumference to the casing 9.

It will be noted that the plug 15 has a head that is small in horizontal section, but beneath the diaphragm extends outwardly to form an annular downwardly projecting flange 21. When the tool 20 is inserted into the holder 20 the parts are so proportioned that the blow from the tup through the diaphragm will be delivered to the tool and not to the casing. If the blows are delivered when the tool 20- is removed or no work is being performed, the normal distance be tween the flange 21 of the plug15 and the bottom of the casing is so small that the diaphragm is protected against fracture.

In order to protect the casing itself under the last-mentioned condition, cushion 22 is inserted in the bottom of the casing. The cushion consists preferably of a series of rings or washers of leather or similar material. Thetool 20 is normally carried in the holder 20 which projects inwardly of the casing to a position represented at 20". The top of the tool extends above the periphery of the holders 2O as represented at 20. The plug 15 having the annular flange or rim 21 thereon is provided-with a recess 23 having a downwardly projecting central portion 24 which normally abuts with the terminal 20 of the tool 20 for imparting increment forces to the tool. When the tool is removed however the inner projecting head 24 merel enters the aperture of the holder 20 an the force of the blow is spent by the abutment of the annular rim 21 against the cushion 22.

Fig. 2 illustrates a corrugated diaphragm 21 cooperating with which is a central plug 25 of slightly difierent construction from that shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 illustrates another form of corrugated diaphragm 26 having still another orm of plug cooperating therewith. This arrangement of parts will allow a. comparatively long travel of the central plug, which issometimes necessary in mechanical ,ham-

mers.

It is obvious how the modified constructions shown in Figs. 2 and 3 may be substituted in the hammer shown in Fig). 1, and hence no further reference need e made thereto.

Modifications may be made in the arrangement, location and construction of parts within the spirit and scope of my invention and such modifications are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a hammer, the combination with a casing arranged to receive a tool, a tup within the casing, and mechanism for reciprocating the tup, of a corrugated wall for the casing, a plug fitted in said wall for transmitting the blow of the tup to the tool outside the casing, and a rojection on the easing arranged in proxlmity to the plug so that the blow is transmitted to the casing when the tool is removed from the casing, or no work is being performed by the hammer.

2. In a hammer the combination of a casing, a reciprocatory tup in said casing, a

flexible wall closing one end of said casing,

a plug carried by said flexible wall, mechanism for reciprocating said tup for imparting increment forces thereto, a head formed on said casing having means for carrying a reciprocatory tool therein, said plug having 8. depending head with an outer annular rim thereon an inner projection on said casing for gui ing said tool, a cushion surrounding said projection, and a recess in said depending head aligned with said inner projection,

said head normally abutting with the end of i said tool for imparting increment forces thereto and abutting with said cushion when said tool is removed from said casin 3. In a hammer the combination 0 a casing, a reciprocatory tup in said casing, a flexible wall closin one end of said casing, a plug carrier by said flexible wall, mechanism for reciprocating said tup for imparting increment forces thereto, a head formed on said casing having means for carrying a reciprocatory tool therein, said plug having :1 depending head with an outer annular rim thereon, an inner projection on said casing for guiding said tool, a cushion surrounding said projection, said plug having a central projecting portion directed toward the upper extremity of the tool in said casing and normally arranged to abut with the end of said tool for imparting increment forces thereto while said annular rim is arranged to abut with said cushion when said tool is removed from said casing for limiting the movement of said central projecting por tion with respect to said inner projection on said casing.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

RUDOLF GOLDSCHMIDT. 

